Eye Health Information

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

AMD is the most common cause of sight loss in the UK, affecting the central part of your vision. While it doesn't lead to complete blindness, it can make everyday tasks like reading, recognising faces and driving increasingly difficult. Early detection through regular eye tests and OCT scanning can make a significant difference.

3D OCT scan of the macula used to detect AMD

3D Macular Scan

Our OCT scanner creates detailed 3D images of the macular layers, detecting the earliest changes associated with AMD.

Understanding AMD

The macula is a tiny area at the centre of your retina responsible for detailed central vision. When the cells in this area become damaged, your central vision deteriorates while peripheral (side) vision usually remains unaffected.

Dry AMD

The most common form, accounting for around 90% of cases. Dry AMD develops slowly as the macular cells gradually break down. Vision loss tends to be gradual, and many people retain useful vision for years.

There is currently no medical treatment for dry AMD, but lifestyle changes and nutritional supplements may help slow its progression.

Wet AMD

Less common but more serious. Wet AMD occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the macula and leak fluid or blood, causing rapid damage to central vision.

Wet AMD can be treated if caught early, usually with injections that stop the abnormal blood vessel growth. Early detection through OCT scanning is crucial.

What to Watch For

Symptoms of AMD

In early dry AMD there may be no noticeable symptoms. As it progresses, you may notice:

Difficulty reading or recognising faces
Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted
Colours appearing less vibrant
A blurred or dark area in the centre of your vision
Needing brighter light for close-up tasks
Difficulty adapting to low light levels

Urgent: If you notice a sudden change in your central vision, especially distortion of straight lines, contact us or your GP immediately. This could indicate wet AMD, which requires prompt treatment.

Risk Factors

Age is the biggest factor — most common in those over 55
Family history of AMD significantly increases risk
Smoking doubles your risk of developing AMD
Prolonged UV exposure without eye protection

Reducing Your Risk

While you can't control your age or genetics, lifestyle changes may help reduce your risk or slow the progression of AMD.

Stop smoking — the single most impactful change you can make
Eat a diet rich in leafy green vegetables and oily fish
Wear sunglasses with UV protection outdoors
Maintain a healthy weight and stay active
Have regular eye examinations with OCT scanning

Concerned about age-related macular degeneration? Regular eye tests can detect problems early. Book an eye test and speak to our team.

Book an Eye Test

Our Premier Plus examination includes OCT scanning, which can detect the earliest signs of AMD. If you're over 50 or have a family history, regular screening is especially important.

020 8423 5818